API 580 Risk Based Inspection Practice Test

Which type of failure is unlikely to be managed through inspection alone?

1. Corrosion-related failures

2. Driven by human errors

3. Instantaneous failures like brittle fracture

4. Design-related failures

The correct answer is: Instantaneous failures like brittle fracture

Instantaneous failures, such as brittle fracture, are characterized by a sudden and catastrophic failure that occurs without any noticeable warning signs. These types of failures often occur under specific conditions, such as high-stress environments or when materials are subjected to rapid changes in temperature or pressure, resulting in a quick rupture. Management of instantaneous failures cannot rely solely on inspection because there may be little to no observable evidence of degradation prior to the failure occurring. Typical inspection methods might not detect the subtle material defects or the specific environmental conditions that could lead to such sudden failures. Instead, comprehensive engineering assessments, including material selection and design considerations, should be prioritized to mitigate the risk of brittle fracture. In contrast, failures related to corrosion or human error can often be identified through regular inspection routines. Inspections can be designed to monitor corrosion rates or identify procedural mistakes, allowing for preventative measures to be implemented. Design-related failures may also be addressed through inspections, but they typically require design reviews and improvements rather than just ongoing inspection efforts.